.... so in such a way that they attain an outer shell containing eight electrons. The factors that effect the formation of ions are ionization energy, electron affinity, lattice energy. Figure 1 The transfer of electrons involved in the formation of (a) sodium chloride and (b) calcium fluoride. Each atom forms an ion with an outer shell containing eight electrons. For many elements, compounds cannot be formed by the production of ions, since the energy released in the formation of the lattice of ions would be insufficient to overcome the energy required to form .....

.... is having trouble with any of these things then it is taken into what is called the neonatal intensive care unit. In some of the smaller hospitals they aren’t equipped with the technology that is needed to keep the baby alive and the baby has to be transported to a bigger hospital, usually to a hospital in a metropolitan city in order to get the proper care. After the baby has been assessed for problems then it is watched closely for the next 48 hours. This is the most critical time for a baby . During this time the doctors can determine if the baby is going to .....

.... technology is very recent the conflict exists between different standards. The only specification that has been approved by ITU (in 1998) is DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications) which was developed by MCNS, CabeLabs, Arthur D. Little and consortium of North American MCOs. Later that year CableLabs established certification program that would ensure interoperability among the equipment from different vendors. Certified cable modems are expected to appear in second quarter of 1999. While waiting for the certificates vendor already star .....

.... for patients. Currently in the U.S. only 2,300 of 40,000 Americans who needed a new heart received one. That means close to 94% of the patients did not receive one and this is only one organ in one country that were talking about. Statistics show that nearly one third of the patients on the waiting list for organs will die and even if they do receive an organ the human body has the tendency to reject organs which can cause serious illness or death. If we cloned human organs we would be eliminating a major killer of humans and if the organ was rejected b .....

.... average of 1300 pounds. Manatees live in small family groups sometimes up to herds of 15-20. After a gestation of up to 6 months, usually a single pinkish calf is born. Manatees ferquently communicate by muzzle to muzzle contact and when alarmed they emit chripy squeaks. The number of manatees has been reduced over the past several years due to heavy hunting for their hides, meat, and blubber oil. Some governments, including the United States, have placed the manatees under the endangered species list. One practical reason for this is that they have pro .....

.... major advancements had been made in the development of antibiotics. There were so many different antibiotics developed that doctors and scientists focused their attention on other problems plaguing the nation. Doctors prescribed antibiotics frequently, often when they were not even needed. According to a 1998 report by the Institute of Medicine, up to fifty percent of antibiotics are prescribed unnecessarily. This blatant overuse of antibiotics had a profound effect on the efficiency of the drugs in the future. The wonder drugs that had been so effective .....

.... in this "organic soup" joined, a membrane grew around the proteins, and the first complete cell was formed (Dawkins 16). According to evolution, this process was the beginning of life. But, there are minimal chances that this organic soup would form. Consider the experiment of Stanley Miller. In 1953, Stanley Miller passed an electric spark through an atmosphere of hydrogen, methane, ammonia, and water vapor; an atmosphere similar to the so-called "primitive atmosphere." But, this produced only 4 out of the 20 amino acids essential to form life. Interestingly, t .....

.... 30% of Brazil's rain forests have disappeared, and the country is still losing more rain forest each year than any other on the planet. Brazilian forests are burned or felled at the rate of 1800 hectares (about 4500 acres) every hour! (Dwyer 39) Deforestation started hundreds of years ago, but only became a major problem in the second half of this century, when it increased dramatically. It was enhanced by the Brazilian government which started cutting down the forest to construct a vast network of highways in an effort to establish a good transportation sys .....