.... to describe eyeliner that Middle Eastern women wore. Later, the definition broadened to mean an exotic substance (Monroe 5-6). It was primarily used among ancient people for special ceremonies, magic, and medicine, and “by about 1500 BC, Egyptian doctors included beer or wine in about 15 percent of their medicines”(Monroe 8-9). Alcoholic beverages are produced through a process called fermentation using plants such as corn, rye, barley, potatoes, and grapes, and are classified by their types and proofs. Some types of alcohol are beer, ale, stout, p .....

.... thinks that the accumulation of stress tips the infected person over into illness. In his study of 72 married white men for a period of 12 weeks, in which they kept daily diaries of their stress. Researchers then measured the subjects' saliva for a substance called secretary immunoglbulin-A antibody, the less they had of it, the more likely it was that the subject would come down with the cold. This may be true according with Dr. Stone, but an argument made by Dr. Gwaltney, "You see, you could have a ton of immunoglobulin-A and you could still get sick. If you .....

.... other bodies of water. Because many lakes and streams suffer from chronic acidity (a condition which water has a constant low pH level) this makes them susceptible to acid rain because of their limited ability to neutralize acidic compounds. This results in many lakes and streams being completely dead of fish and all other living things. Acid rain also greatly contributes to forest degradation, even more so to high-elevated trees, it also impairs the tree growth. Acid rain effects forest soil. As acid moves through soils, it strips away vital plant nutrient .....

.... plugboards, and programming was done purely in machine code. Programming languages were unheard of during the early part of the period, and each machine was specifically assembled to carry out a particular calculation. These early computers had no need for an operating system and were operated directly from the operator's console by a computer programmer, who had immediate knowledge of the computers design. By the early 1950's punched cards were introduced, allowing programs to be written and read directly from the card, instead of using plugboards. Second .....

.... a nerve impulse to travel from one nerve cell to another, the sending cell releases a tiny amount of one of the neurotransmitters, which transmits the signal to the second cell, and so on around the body. After a nerve impulse has been sent across a synapse, special enzymes clear away the neurotransmitter so that another impulse may be sent. The first antidepressants, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, were discovered accidentally during the 1960's by researchers who were trying to develop new drugs to treat tuberculosis. MAO inhibitors didn't help TB, but th .....

.... His grasp of the evolutionary process and the clarity of his work makes Charles Darwin the most popular figure in the scientific field of Evolution (Francoeur, 1965, p.34). Charles Darwin (1809-1882) was the fourth child of Dr. Robert Darwin and grandson of Erasmus Darwin. Much of Charles' childhood was spent collecting insects, coins and reading various literature on natural history, travel and poetry. Charles Darwin was not a scholarly student during his years at Edinburgh Medical College. He disliked what was taught and found most of the lectures bor .....

.... but they become understandable when understood as veiled expressions of an unconscious clash between competing motives. Freud developed an elaborate theory and how the mind works while asleep. In 1953 sleep researchers led by Nathaniel Kleitman made the important discovery of rapid eye movement--or REM-- sleep. Curious about the long-standing observation that the eyeballs of sleeping subjects in both humans and animals periodically move during sleep, they connected laboratory subjects to equipment that measured their brain waves, muscle tone, and eye movem .....

.... eagle has the scientific name of aquila chrysaetos and is named for its golden appearance. It is a member of the hawk family. It has a wingspan of six and a half to seven and a half feet, and can live to be thirty or more years old. The adult golden eagle is evenly dark below, or with a lighting at the base of its tail. An immature golden eagle shows a white flash in the wing at the base of the primaries, and a white tail with a broad dark terminal band. The golden eagle is found in the mountainous regions of the Northern Hemisphere, and is a partial mi .....